When you buy something on Amazon, you trust them with your credit card, address, and personal details. But how do they actually protect all that data from hackers? Let’s take a step-by-step look at the security system that protects one of the world’s biggest websites.

If you work with web applications, you’ve heard these terms: CDN, Load Balancer, Reverse Proxy, and API Gateway. People often mix them up or think they do the same thing. They don’t. Each component solves a different problem. Understanding when and where to use each one will save you time and prevent headaches.

Security teams have a problem. Developers hate working with them. This isn’t because developers don’t care about security. It’s because most security teams operate like they’re still living in 2005.

Imagine you need to travel from one city to another. You have two choices: hack your way through a dense forest or take a well-maintained highway. Most people would choose the highway because it’s faster, safer, and requires less effort. In cybersecurity, “Paved Roads” work the same way.

You check your vulnerability scanner and see red alerts everywhere. Critical vulnerabilities with CVSS scores of 9.0 and higher are lighting up your dashboard like a Christmas tree. Your heart rate spikes. Time to panic, right? Not so fast. Here’s something that might surprise you: a vulnerability with a CVSS score of 9.8 might be less dangerous to your systems than one scored at 6.5. The reason comes down to one simple truth - CVSS scores measure technical severity, not real-world risk.